一种基于无线传感器网络能量均衡路由算法

在报童模型的基础上,以一个供应商和一个零售商组成的两级供应链为研究背景,把公平关切引入到回购契约的研究中,并根据Nash讨价还价博弈思想建立公平偏好框架,通过建立效用函数模型,研究了公平关切对回购契约的影响.研究发现,公平关切不会影响回购契约的协调性,公平关切程度也不会影响零售商的最优订购量,进而可以得出,即使供应商在不知道零售商对公平偏好的程度下,依然可以通过制定合适的批发价格和回购价格来做出使自己效用最大化的最优决策.另外,通过灵敏度分析发现,在公平关切时,零售商的最优订购量会随着产品单位生产成本的增加而增加.     

基于维护信息公平视角谈图书馆在构建和谐社会时代的使命

维护信息公平,是图书馆促进社会和谐所肩负的时代使命。各级各类图书馆在其中发挥着自己独特的作用,其中公共图书馆是支柱,高校图书馆是支撑,社区图书馆是基础,虚拟图书馆是桥梁,民办图书馆为补充。     

我国婚姻登记审查制度之思考

婚姻登记行为是婚姻登记机关行使行政职权的活动。婚姻登记机关应当对当事人结婚或离婚的申请进行审查，以决定是否予以登记。审查分为程序性审查与实质性审查。程序性审查涉及效率问题，实质性审查涉及公正问题，两种审查方式缺一不可。在婚姻登记审查过程中，应该将效率与公正有效地结合在一起，以确保婚姻登记顺利进行，保护当事人的合法权益。     

中国各省区碳减排责任分摊——基于公平与效率权衡模型的研究

研究如何基于国家整体碳减排目标,进行中国各省区碳减排责任的分摊,以落实区域间"共同但有差别的责任"。在分析国内碳减排责任分摊的公平性准则基础上,确定了各省区碳减排责任分摊的公平性区间,构造了分配满意度和公平偏离指数。以公平偏离指数最小化为目标,以国民经济效益指标为约束,构建了各省区碳减排责任分摊的公平与效率权衡模型。采用1995-2009年我国各省区碳排放和经济发展数据进行了实证分析,通过规划求解,得到使公平偏离指数最小的各省区碳减排责任分摊方案。     

目的中立与程序公平

“目的中立”是一个颇有争议的价值主张, 其主要含义是国家对诸“优良生活观念”保持中立, 并由此拓展出世界观中立、制度中立、道德中立多重向度。从积极方面看,“目的中立”有利于保护公平竞争、培养公民理性、扩大政治认同; 从消极方面看, 则助长放任自流、个人主义及道德亏欠。其实, 抽象地谈论“中立”并无实际意义, 在何种范围内保持中立取决于实践过程及其效果     

大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区生态补偿公众参与机制探讨

自然保护区在保护环境的同时对区域内居民的生活产生了影响,生态补偿是对为保护环境而牺牲自身利益的居民进行补偿。以昭通大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区为研究对象,总结了大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区生态补偿的基本情况,分析了生态补偿过程中公众参与方面存在的问题,聚焦大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区生态补偿实践,提出了完善生态补偿公众参与机制的建议。目前我国生态补偿实践中公众参与处于起步阶段,难以充分保障在地居民的知情权、生存权以及直接的经济利益,从程序性权利入手提高公众参与度,有助于实现保护环境与保障民生共存的目标。     

Factors Affecting Hunters’ Trust and Cooperation

North American wildlife is treated as a public trust resource (PTR), managed for the benefit of all people by government. Wildlife managers historically used restrictive regulations and enforced compliance to recover many species. Present-day societal needs include reducing some abundant game populations. Hunters often oppose this objective, creating tension between managing PTRs and gaining trust of hunters upon whose cooperation management depends. We assessed effects of normative and personal gains on cooperation of hunters through their purchase of antlerless deer licenses and their trust in the agency regarding bovine tuberculosis eradication from Michigan white-tailed deer. Logit modeling of hunter survey data indicated trust was influenced by procedural justice and personal gains. Only a single procedural justice variable was a statistically significant cooperation predictor. Findings suggest agencies may gain trust more readily than cooperation through procedurally just exercise of authority. Additional research is needed to identify meaningful gains associated with trust.     

生态园林的公平观

从人与人、植物与植物、动物与动物、植物与动物、人与生态系统5个角度探讨了公平观在生态园林中的体现;强调只有遵循生态园林的公平观,方可实现可持续发展,营造真正的生态园林。     

Procedural sedation combined with locoregional anesthesia for orthopedic surgery of the pelvic limb in 10 dogs: case series

HistoryTen dogs weighing 36 (21.4–75) kg [median (min–max)] and aged 3 (1–9) years scheduled for orthopedic surgery involving the stifle and structures distal to it.Physical ExaminationPatients were classified as ASA I or II based on physical examination and basic hematology and biochemistry.ManagementEach dog was managed using combined femoral and sciatic nerve blocks and procedural sedation with an intravenous infusion of propofol (0.07–0.15 mg kg^?1 minute^?1) and dexmedetomidine (1 μg kg^?1 hour^?1). None of the patients required conversion to general anesthesia as a result of response to surgical stimulation. The level of sedation was considered adequate in all patients and was characterized by occasional head lifting, thoracic limb stretching, yawning, lingual movements and swallowing. The eye position ranged from central to partial ventromedial rotation and was accompanied by spontaneous blinking. Intra-operative cardiovascular and ventilatory variables were considered within acceptable limits. Muscle relaxation at the surgical field was adequate and surgical conditions were indistinguishable from those produced by general anesthesia. Intraoperatively, no additional analgesics were considered necessary. The quality of the recoveries was considered excellent in all cases.Follow upNo additional pain relief was required in any of the dogs within the 10 hours following blockade. All dogs ate 5.5 (3.5–12) hours after recovery. Ambulation occurred at 4 (2–6) hours. No evidence of esophagitis or aspiration pneumonitis has been reported during a period of 1 year after the procedures in any of the dogs.ConclusionWhen combined with femoral and sciatic nerve blocks, procedural sedation has the potential of being an alternative to general anesthesia for orthopedic surgery involving the stifle and structures distal to it in the dog.     

仿竹型筒式立体停车结构的环箍层布置研究

作为航空飞行器的动力装置,冲压发动机以其高推比性能日益应用广泛,其控制系统的好坏直接影响着其工作性能。推力控制系统是冲压发动机控制系统的重要组成部分,良好的推力控制器使其在复杂环境和比较宽的马赫数下获得很好的鲁棒性。本文利用MATALB仿真软件的Simulink工具箱建立推力控制系统的仿真模型,采用模糊PID控制方法对冲压发动机推力回路进行控制,通过调节参数,设计出高性能的控制器。其后对设计出的模糊PID控制器进行动稳态性能、鲁棒性、抗干扰性以及跟踪性的测试,并将其控制结果与设计的传统PI控制以及鲁棒控制的结果进行对比分析。仿真结果表明,设计的模糊PID控制器在动稳态性能、鲁棒性、抗干扰性以及跟踪性能方面,都可以达到很好的性能。